European Union yatora danho rakakosha mukurwisa marara epurasitiki nekuraira kuti zvese zvivharo zvemabhodhoro epurasitiki zvirambe zvakanamirwa kumabhodhoro, kutanga muna Chikunguru 2024. Sechikamu cheMurairo wakafara weSingle-Use Plastics Directive, mutemo mutsva uyu uri kukurudzira maitiro akasiyana. muindasitiri yese yezvinwiwa, nekurumbidza nekutsoropodza zvichiratidzwa. Mubvunzo unoramba uripo wekuti mabhodhoro akavharirwa mavhavha achanyatso fambisira mberi nharaunda kana kana achizoratidza kunetsa pane kubatsira.
Ndezvipi zvinotemerwa zvemutemo zvine chekuita nemakapu akasungwa?
Mutemo mutsva weEU unoda kuti zvivharo zvese zvemabhodhoro epurasitiki zvirambe zvakasungirirwa kumabhodhoro mushure mekuvhurwa. Shanduko iyi inoita sediki ine mukana wekuva nezvakakosha. Chinangwa chechirairo ichi ndechekuderedza marara uye kuona kuti zvivharo zvepurasitiki zvinounganidzwa uye kudzokororwa pamwe chete nemabhodhoro awo. Nekuda kuti zvivharo zvirambe zvakabatanidzwa nemabhodhoro, EU ine chinangwa chekudzivirira kuti dzisave zvidimbu zvakasiyana zvemarara, izvo zvinogona kunyanya kukuvadza zvipenyu zvemugungwa.
Mutemo uyu unoumba chikamu cheEU yakakura-Kushandisa Plastics Direction, yakaunzwa muna 2019 nechinangwa chekugadzirisa nyaya yekusvibiswa kwepurasitiki. Mamwe matanho anosanganisirwa mugwaro iri kurambidzwa kweplastic cutlery, ma plates, nemashanga, pamwe nezvinodiwa kuti mabhodhoro epurasitiki ave neanosvika makumi maviri neshanu muzana ezvinyorwa zvakadzokororwa panosvika 2025 uye 30% panosvika 2030.
Makambani makuru, akadai seCoca-Cola, akatotanga matanho anodiwa kuti aenderane nemitemo mitsva. Mugore rapfuura, Coca-Cola yakatenderedza macaps akavharirwa muEurope yose, achivasimudzira semhinduro yekuona kuti "hapana kapu inosiiwa" uye kukurudzira tsika dziri nani dzekudzokorora pakati pevatengi.
Mhinduro yeIndasitiri Yezvinwiwa uye Zvinetso
Murairo mutsva hauna kuve usina kukakavara. EU payakatanga kuzivisa kuraira muna 2018, indasitiri yezvinwiwa yakaratidza kushushikana pamusoro pemitengo inogona kuitika uye matambudziko ane chekuita nekuteerera. Kugadzira patsva mitsetse yekugadzira kuti igare yakasungirirwa kepisi inomiririra mutoro wakakura wemari, kunyanya kune vadiki vanogadzira.
Mamwe makambani akasimudza kushushikana kuti kuunzwa kwemakapu akavharirwa kunogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwese kwekushandiswa kwepurasitiki, zvichipihwa zvimwe zvinhu zvinodiwa kuchengetedza cap yakasungirirwa. Uyezve, kune zvinotariswa zvekugadzirisa, sekuvandudza mabhodhoro emidziyo uye maitiro ekugadzirisa iyo nyowani cap dhizaini.
Zvisineyi nematambudziko aya, makambani akati wandei ari kugamuchira shanduko iyi. Coca-Cola, semuenzaniso, yakaisa mari mumatekinoroji matsva uye yakagadziridzazve mabhodhoro ayo kuti aenderane nemutemo mutsva. Mamwe makambani ari kuyedza zvinhu zvakasiyana uye dhizaini kuti aone mhinduro dzakasimba uye dzinodhura.
Kuongorora kweEnvironmental uye Social Impact Assessment
Mabhenefiti ezvakatipoteredza emakapu akasungwa anooneka mudzidziso. Nekuchengeta zvivharo zvakanamirwa kumabhodhoro, EU ine chinangwa chekudzikisa marara epurasitiki uye kuona kuti macaps anodzokororwa pamwe chete nemabhodhoro awo. Zvakadaro, kushanda kunoita shanduko iyi kuchiri kufanira kuzivikanwa.
Mhinduro yevatengi kusvika parizvino yakasanganiswa. Nepo vamwe vamiriri vezvakatipoteredza vakaratidza kutsigira dhizaini nyowani, vamwe vakasimudza kushushikana kuti inogona kukonzera kusagadzikana. Vatengi vataura zvekunetsekana pama social network zvekunetsekana nekudira zvinwiwa uye cap ichivarova kumeso vachinwa. Vamwe vakatotaura kuti dhizaini nyowani ndiyo mhinduro mukutsvaga dambudziko, vachiona kuti zvivharo zvaisawanzova chikamu chakakosha chemarara pakutanga.
Pamusoro pazvo, kuchine kusavimbika pamusoro pekuti mabhenefiti ezvakatipoteredza achave akakosha here kuti akonzerese shanduko. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzeindasitiri dzinotenda kuti kusimbirira kweakavharirwa macaps kunogona kukanganisa zviito zvakanyanya, sekunatsiridza zvivakwa zvekudzokorodza uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakadzokororwa mukurongedza.
Maonero eramangwana ezvirongwa zvekudzokorodza zveEU
Iyo tethered cap regulation inomiririra chinhu chimwe chete cheEU yakazara zano kugadzirisa marara epurasitiki. EU yakaisa zvinangwa zvine chishuwo zvekudzokorodza uye kuderedza marara mune ramangwana. Pakazosvika gore ra2025, chinangwa ndechekuve nehurongwa hwekudzokorodza mabhodhoro ese epurasitiki.
Matanho aya akagadzirirwa kufambisa shanduko kuenda kuhupfumi hwedenderedzwa, uko zvigadzirwa, zvinhu, uye zviwanikwa zvinoshandiswazve, kugadziriswa, uye kudzokororwa pese pazvinogoneka. Iyo tethered cap regulation inomiririra danho rekutanga munzira iyi, ine mukana wekugadzira nzira yezvirongwa zvakafanana mune mamwe matunhu pasi rese.
Sarudzo yeEU yekurayira mabhodhoro akasungwa anomiririra danho rakashinga mukurwisa marara epurasitiki. Kunyangwe mutemo uyu wakatokurudzira shanduko dzinocherechedzwa muindasitiri yezvinwiwa, maitiro ayo enguva refu anoramba asina chokwadi. Kubva pamaonero ezvakatipoteredza, inomiririra danho rekutanga rekudzikisa marara epurasitiki uye kukurudzira kudzokorodza. Kubva pakuona kunoshanda, mutemo mutsva unopa matambudziko kune vanogadzira uye vatengi zvakafanana.
Kubudirira kwemutemo mutsva kunoenderana nekurova kuenzanisa pakati pezvinangwa zvezvakatipoteredza uye chokwadi chemaitiro evatengi uye kugona kwemaindasitiri. Hazvisati zvanyatsojeka kana mutemo uyu uchaonekwa sedanho rekushandura kana kushoropodzwa seyero yakanyanyisa kureruka.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-11-2024